Compared with ordinary capacitors , solid capacitors have good stability, long life, low ESR (equivalent series resistance) and high rated ripple current. In fact, the full name of the solid capacitor we are talking about is: solid aluminum electrolytic capacitor . Let’s talk about the characteristics of solid capacitors?
The biggest difference between solid capacitors and ordinary capacitors is the use of different dielectric materials. The dielectric material of liquid aluminum capacitors is electrolyte, while the dielectric material of solid capacitors is conductive polymer materials.
1. High stability
Solid capacitors can still operate normally in high temperature environments and maintain various electrical functions. Its capacitance does not change by more than 15% over the entire temperature range, which is significantly better than liquid electrolytic capacitors. At the same time, the capacitance of solid electrolytic capacitors has basically nothing to do with their operating voltage, thus ensuring their stable operation in voltage fluctuation environments.
2. Long life
Solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors have an extremely long service life (more than 50 years). Compared with liquid aluminum electrolytic capacitors, they can be regarded as "naturally protected". It will not be broken down, and there is no need to worry about the liquid electrolyte drying up and leaking, which will affect the stability of the motherboard. Because there are no problems with liquid electrolytes, solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors make motherboards more stable and reliable.
Solid electrolytes do not evaporate, expand, or even burn like liquid electrolytes in high-heat environments. Even if the temperature of the capacitor exceeds its endurance limit, the solid electrolyte only melts, which will not cause the metal shell of the capacitor to burst, so it is very safe. The operating temperature directly affects the service life of electrolytic capacitors. The service lives of solid electrolytic capacitors and liquid electrolytic capacitors are significantly longer in different temperature environments.
3. Low ESR and high additional ripple current
ESR (EquivalentSeriesResistance) refers to the equivalent series resistance, which is a very important target for capacitors. The lower the ESR, the faster the capacitor charges and discharges. This function directly affects the decoupling function of the microprocessor power supply circuit. In high-frequency circuits, the advantages of the low ESR characteristics of solid electrolytic capacitors are more significant. It can be said that the low ESR characteristics at high frequencies are the watershed between the functional differences between solid electrolytic capacitors and liquid capacitors. Solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors have very low ESR and very small energy dissipation. Under high-temperature, high-frequency and high-power operating conditions, the extremely low ESR characteristics of solid capacitors can fully absorb the high-amplitude voltage generated between power lines in the circuit and prevent it from interfering with the system.
Solid capacitors have excellent characteristics such as environmental protection, low impedance, high and low temperature stability, high grain resistance and high reliability. They are the highest-end products among current electrolytic capacitor products. Because the characteristics of solid capacitors are much better than those of liquid aluminum capacitors, solid capacitors can withstand temperatures up to 260 degrees Celsius, and have excellent conductivity, frequency characteristics and lifespan. They are suitable for low voltage and high current applications, and are mainly used in digital products such as thin DVDs. , projectors and industrial computers, etc.
